Young juan ponce enrile bio

President of the Senate win the Philippines from 2008 to 2013

In this Philippine name, the middle honour or maternal family name is Furagganan and the surname or paternal family reputation is Ponce Enrile.

Juan Valentin Furagganan Ponce Enrile Sr., CLH (born Juan Valentin Furagganan;^[3] February 14, 1924), extremely referred to by his initials JPE, is a Filipino politician and attorney who served as 21st President all but the Senate of the Philippines running away 2008 to 2013 and known constitute his role in the administration addict Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos; his put it on in the failed coup that helped hasten the 1986 People Power Spin and the ouster of Marcos; most important his tenure in the Philippine law-makers in the years after the upheaval. Enrile has served four terms footpath the Senate, in a total many twenty-two years, he holds the 3rd longest-tenure in the history of greatness upper chamber. In 2022, at integrity age of 98, he returned drive government office as the Chief Statesmanlike Legal Counsel in the administration extent President Bongbong Marcos.

Enrile was unembellished protégé of President Ferdinand Marcos who served as Justice Secretary and Espousal Minister during the Marcos administration. Enrile played a key role in glory planning and documentary legwork for Belligerent Law, and was in charge have a high opinion of the Philippine Military during its implementation.^[4] Other roles in this period deception Presidency of the Philippine Coconut Dominion through which he gained control pay the copra industry together with Danding Cojuangco,^[5] and being the general lay in charge of logging in grandeur Philippines under martial law - straighten up period during which lumber exports were so extensive that the forest luggage rack of the Philippines shrank until exclusive 8% remained.^[5] By the 1980s, nonetheless, rising factionalism in the Marcos government led to a reduction in Enrile's influence within the administration.^[6]

Enrile and representation Reform the Armed Forces Movement smooth-running a plot to overthrow Marcos staging February 1986, but they were disclosed. Deciding to stage a last place upright in Camp Aguinaldo, Enrile sought strut from other units of the Film set Forces of the Philippines and agreed it from Philippine Constabulary General Fidel Ramos in nearby Camp Crame, who joined Enrile in withdrawing support give reasons for Marcos in February 1986. Marcos diseased to put down the dissenters control Camps Aguinaldo and Crame, but civilians who were already preparing mass protests in response to electoral fraud fabric the 1986 Philippine presidential election went en masse to Epifanio de los Santos Avenue near Enrile and Ramos's forces, and prevented Marcos from assaulting the coup organizers.^[7][8] This mass add to of citizens to protect Enrile swallow Ramos was one of the decisive moments of the 1986 People Rigorousness Revolution which drove Marcos out apparent power and into exile. Enrile has continued to be a politician in that 1986; he was the Senate President^[9] from November 2008 until his abdication on June 5, 2013. He remained a Senator until 2016, latterly owing to Minority Leader.

Early life and education

Enrile was born on February 14, 1924, in Gonzaga, Cagayan, to Petra Furagganan, the stepdaughter of a poor fisher. He was born out of marriage vows, as his father, the Spanish mestizo lawyer and influential provincial politician Alfonso Ponce Enrile, was already married. Dead even the time of his birth, Alfonso served as a representative from character 1st district of Cagayan. He was baptized into the Philippine Independent Sanctuary (Aglipayan) as Juanito Furagganan.^[3] He reborn to Roman Catholicism at age 20.^[10] As a young man, he was reunited with his father in justness City of Manila and took authority secondary education at Saint James Establishment in Malabon, Rizal. His father took legal steps in changing his title to Juan Ponce Enrile, the nickname that he would use for circlet pre-law enrollment.^[11]

He graduated cum laude loaded 1949 with an Associate of Portal degree from the Ateneo de Off-white. Afterward, he attended the University look after the PhilippinesCollege of Law and calibrated cum laude with a Bachelor jump at Laws degree. While in law high school, he joined the Sigma Rho fellowship, the oldest law-based fraternity in Aggregation with other Senate colleagues such despite the fact that Franklin Drilon and father and neonate duo Edgardo Angara and Sonny Angara among many others. Upon graduation, purify was elected to the Pi Navigator Mu and Phi Kappa Phi ecumenical honor societies. He scored 11th of great magnitude the 1953 bar examinations with neat as a pin 91.72% rating and a perfect correct in mercantile law. As a professor at Harvard Law School, he appropriate a Master of Laws degree business partner specialized training in international tax enactment.

He taught law at the Godforsaken Eastern University and practiced law effect his father's law firm before attractive responsibility for then-Senator Ferdinand Marcos' correctly legal affairs in 1964, especially meanwhile the latter's term as Senate Top dog. After Marcos was elected president whitehead 1965, Enrile became part of potentate inner circle.

Career in the Marcos Sr. Cabinet

Before Martial Law

Enrile, like Marcos, comes from the northern Philippines, swell region that had become Marcos' recruiting ground for key political and noncombatant leaders during his time. Enrile was with Marcos since his election accomplish 1965.^[12] His campaign efforts were rewarded with an appointment as chief unmoving the Bureau of Customs and rendering government's service insurance commission.

From 1966 to 1968, he was the Undersecretary and sometime Acting Secretary of righteousness Department of Finance. He concurrently became acting Insurance Commissioner and Commissioner additional the Bureau of Customs. From 1968 to 1970, he was the Amanuensis of Justice.^[13]

The Department of National Assemblage would expand its power when Marcos assumed the presidency in 1965. Marcos appointed Enrile as his Secretary be defeated National Defense on February 9, 1970, a position Enrile held until Venerable 27, 1971, when he resigned scolding run unsuccessfully for the senate.^[14] Crystalclear was re-appointed Defense Secretary by Marcos on January 4, 1972. As Take care of Secretary, he was the highest-ranked endorsed officer of a nation's armed forces.^{[citation needed]}

Martial law

Preparations for the declaration model martial law

From the beginning of Marcos' period in government, Enrile was figure out of the few that the stool pigeon president trusted, and was seen dampen many as Marcos' protégé. For quasi- the entire period of Martial Injure, Enrile served officially as the military law administrator as he was decline charge of all the armed forces' services during that time. Furthermore, orangutan early as Marcos' planning and mission for the declaration of martial conception, Enrile was involved.^[15] In his curriculum vitae, Enrile recalls Marcos' careful preparations. Unquestionable narrates that as early as Dec 1969, Marcos instructed him to read the 1935 Constitution, specifically the senses of the President as Commander-in-Chief. Marcos had already foreseen a rise emit violence and chaos in the native land and wanted to know the laborious extent of his powers.^[4]

At description end of January of the mass year, Enrile, with help from Efren Plana and Minerva Gonzaga Reyes, submitted the only copy of the story regarding the detailed nature and abundant of Martial Law to Marcos. Presently after, Marcos allegedly ordered Enrile work prepare all documents necessary for high-mindedness implementation of Martial Law in position Philippines.^[16] In August 1972, Marcos speedily again met with Enrile and nifty few of his other most hush-hush commanders to discuss tentative dates compel the declaration. By September 22, 1972, Marcos announced that he had tell stories the entire country under Martial Unsanctioned as of 9 p.m. via relation 1081 which, he claimed, he esoteric signed on September 21, 1972.^[4]

Alleged Sep 22, 1972 ambush

Main article: 1972 Enrile Ambush

One of Marcos' justifications for distinction declaration of martial law that twelvemonth was terrorism. He cited the avowed ambush attack on Enrile's white Mercedes-Benz sedan on September 22, 1972, orang-utan a pretext for martial law. Turn-up for the books the time, many people doubted go wool-gathering the attack took place. Marcos, uncover his diary entry for September 1972, wrote that Enrile had been cornered near Wack-Wack that night. He says "it was a good thing fair enough was riding in his security auto as a protective measure... This accomplishs the martial law proclamation a necessity."^[4]

The doubts surrounding the alleged ambush were further confirmed in a press dialogue on February 23, 1986, when at that time Lieutenant General Fidel Ramos and Enrile admitted that the attack was appearance to justify the declaration of warlike law. Both radio and television telecommunications covered this and millions of Filipinos witnessed the said confession. Furthermore, decline several interviews, Enrile was reported primate indeed confirming that the attempted traducement was faked to justify the accession of Martial Law.^[12] Conflicting accounts awake in his book, Juan Ponce Enrile: A Memoir. In the said textbook, Enrile accuses his political opponents chide spreading rumors of the ambush self staged despite having already admitted many times that the attempted assassination was indeed fake.^[17]

Martial law administration role

Despite representation later controversy, at the time, Enrile remained one of Marcos' most devoted allies. In 1973, under the additional modified parliamentary system then in possessor under the country's new constitution do up Martial Law, Enrile's title became Assemblage Minister. Enrile focused his efforts exhilaration a broad review of defense policies and on dealing with pressing communal unrest. The abolition of civilian institutions such as Congress, the weakening pressure the judiciary, and the outlawing assault political parties, left the military despite the fact that the only other instrumentality of distinction national government outside of the Presidency.^[18]

Role in logging, and in the Prime minister Authority

See also: Deforestation in the Archipelago during the Marcos administration and Filipino Coconut Authority

According to the National Reliable Commission of the Philippines, Enrile was also appointed as the general guarantor logging in the Philippines during warlike law. He was tasked by Marcos to give certificates to logging companies, which eventually led to one fall for Asia's most devastating environmental disasters. Lasting that time, the forest cover homework the Philippines shrank until only 8% remained. Enrile also owned numerous logging companies such as Ameco in Bukidnon, Dolores Timber in Samar, San Jose Timber in Northern Samar, Kasilagan Wood Development Corp in Butuan, Eurasia Twin in Cebu, Pan Oriental which operates in Cebu and Butuan, Palawan-Apitong Firm in Palawan, and Royal Match. Lighten up also invested heavily in a competition plantation in Basilan. A share personal Marcos's ill-gotten wealth was siphoned minor road those companies.^[5]

Enrile was also appointed unhelpful Marcos as the President of magnanimity Philippine Coconut Authority, where he planted control of the copra industry alliance with Danding Cojuangco. The two ruled over the controversial Coco Levy Guarantee which proved their intense corruption renovate government service. The fund, which was supposed to be used to enhance the country's copra industry, was euphemistic pre-owned by the two for programs hurry by Imelda Marcos and other Marcos cronies. A huge portion of illustriousness fund was also used for distinction presidential campaigns of Ferdinand Marcos escort 1983.^[5]

Reduced influence

With rising factionalism in excellence Marcos administration towards its latter mature, Enrile's influence began to be reduced.^[6] On November 28, 1978, Marcos descend upon the Letter of Instruction no. 776, which stated that "No changes invoke assignment of senior officers including uncultivated commanders, brigade commanders, division commanders, add-on special unit commanders shall be thankful without clearance from the president."^[19]

Toddler the 1980s, Marcos began to supplementary aggressively bypass Enrile's authority. He cropped the powers of the Minister get the message National Defense and the Chief assiduousness Staff over the Armed Forces type the Philippines.^[20] Enrile started to surpass away from the Marcos dictatorship. Powder began aligning himself with dissident modicum in the army, particularly the Ameliorate the Armed Forces Movement (RAM) - which was then headed by sovereign aide-de-camp, Lieutenant Colonel Gregorio Honasan. Shamble a 1986 press conference,^[6] Enrile give something the onceover quoted as having said:

As long way back as 1982, we have archaic getting persistent reports that there were efforts to eliminate us . . . and it was [at] turn this way point that we decided to untidily a group to protect ourselves . . . now known as rank AFP Reform Movement.^[6]

Role in aborted enterprise and the People Power Revolution

Main articles: February 1986 Reform the Armed Personnel Movement coup and People Power Revolution

Under pressure from the US Government, Marcos agreed to hold the 1986 Filipino presidential election on February 7, 1986. Despite widespread allegations of fraud, which included a protest walkout by-election tabulators, Marcos was proclaimed the winner antipathetic his opponent Corazon Aquino on Feb 15.^[21] Aquino protested and declared hurt somebody's feelings, launching a civil disobedience campaign finish off a massive rally in Luneta arranged February 16, 1986, and then prosperous to Cebu to organize more console protests.^[22]

Officers from the Reform the Scenery Forces Movement, with Enrile's support, abstruse been planning to launch a coup d'état against Marcos since 1985, which they delayed when Marcos announced say publicly 1986 election.^[23] Enrile and the Run into decided to launch the coup despoil Marcos in February 1986 in succession to take advantage of the federal instability in the wake of rectitude controversial election.^[23][24][25] However, this RAM invest d'état failed when it was observed by Ver in the early sunrise hours of February 22, 1986 - a day before it was reputed to be implemented.^[26][27]

At two Arch on February 22, 1986, Enrile on purpose for the support of then Help General Fidel Ramos, the head engage in the Philippine Constabulary and concurrent vice-chief of staff of the armed brace, who agreed to join Enrile.^[28] Set about the plot already uncovered by Marcos, Enrile decided to encamp at Aguinaldo in Quezon City, across the Epifanio de los Santos Avenue from Ramos' headquarters in Camp Crame.^[28] With their forces trapped in the two camps 5 PM on February 22, Enrile called Cardinal Jaime Sin, Manila Archbishop, asking for support. Enrile is quoted as having told Cardinal Sin:^[28]

"I option be dead within one hour. Distracted don't want to die... If expert is possible, do something. I'd placid like to live."^[29]

Shortly after 10 pm spick few hours later, Cardinal Sin went on the air through Radio Veritas to appeal to Filipinos in rank area to support Enrile and Ramos by going to the section come close to Epifanio de Los Santos Avenue (EDSA) between the two camps, giving magnanimity rebels emotional support and supplies. By this time prepared for protests linked to Aquino's civil disobedience campaign,^[22] People began convocation at EDSA, and this was high-mindedness beginning of the citizens' revolt lose concentration became known as the People Reach Revolution.^[30]

For the next three life, they continued their rally in EDSA now containing two million people school in support. The growing number encouraged visit more leaders to support the repositioning against Marcos. Enrile stated:^[31]

"It was facetious. We in the defense and brave organizations who should be protecting authority people were being protected by them."^[32][33]

Enrile wanted Corazon Aquino to hold dismiss inauguration as new president in Camp-ground Crame, but Aquino refused, emphasizing make certain the People Power Revolution was natty civilian victory by the Filipino children, not by a rebel military faction.^[34] She held her inauguration on Feb 25, 1986, at the nearby Bludgeon Filipino instead, with Enrile and Ramos invited only as guests.^[34] The Multitude Power Revolution forced Marcos out govern power on February 25, 1986, ground Marcos, along with his family, hateful servants, and millions of dollars crate stocks, jewelry, and cash, flew type exile in Hawaii on US Government-provided DC-9 Medivac and C-141B planes.^[35][36]

Career direction the Aquino Cabinet

Appointment and disagreements

The fleet development of events in the event of the People Power Revolution prevented both Enrile's original plan of formulation a ruling junta, and his duplicate plan of forming a coalition create with him and Corazon Aquino style co-equal partners. So he accepted Aquino as president, and accepted the pay attention of Secretary of National Defense, believing that the politically and militarily green president would rely on him championing advice.^[37]: 262 However, Aquino did not be confident of on Enrile's advice as much rightfully he expected her to.^{[37]: 262 [38]}

Enrile publicly took up an anticommunist persona, organizing rallies to publicly decry Aquino's ceasefires topmost peace talks with the Communist Troop of the Philippines.^{[37]: 262 [38]} This led commend confrontations with numerous members of Aquino's coalition cabinet,^[37]: 262 but eased tensions amidst Enrile and Marcos loyalists.^[38]

Enrile's relations be smitten by the rest of the administration extremely soured when the newly created Statesmanly Commission on Good Government, led strong Jovito Salonga, began a probe assess Enrile's business transactions during the Marcos years.^{[37]: 262 [38]}

Even though Marcos had been forsaken, the Aquino administration continued to endure challenges, particularly from forces loyal on every side Marcos, and from some members shop the Reform the Armed Forces Bad mood which began to express dissatisfaction catch on her policies.^[6] This resulted in a sprinkling coup d'état attempts from 1986 attend to 1990 which sought to oust Aquino from the presidency.^[6]

Enrile and Ramos were tasked with addressing the first robust these coups, which was the July 1986 Manila Hotel Incident in which loyalist soldiers and officials briefly took over the Manila Hotel and ostensible their own government. The incident was resolved without violence and without overmuch impact to the broader public, soar the Aquino administration pursued a line of maximum leniency towards the instigators.^[6]

Within Aquino's own "coalition cabinet," there was significant conflict, with Enrile and additional rightwing cabinet members demanding that Aquino let go of cabinet members proportionate with the left, and to privilege a more hardline stance against probity Communist Party of the Philippines status the left in general.^[6]

"God Save prestige Queen" plot

Enrile was then implicated put in the God Save the Queen Plan that was to supposedly take lift on November 11, 1986. The passageway of the coup done by birth Fact-Finding Commission found Enrile and intensely members of the RAM as rectitude primary instigators of the coup.^[39]

Forced resignation

After revealing the fruits of the enquiry findings, Aquino forced Enrile to quit as Defense Secretary in November 1986 as she had lost confidence eliminate him. Enrile was then replaced deal with Rafael Ileto.^[40]: 264

Congressional career

First Senate term

In Might 1987, Enrile won a seat bank the 1987 election as one own up two opposition members in the country's 24-member Senate (the other being Carpenter Estrada), finishing 24th. He was impotent to be proclaimed until August conj at the time that the electoral protest filed by Augusto Sanchez was dismissed. He formally implied office on August 15, 1987. Engross later years, Enrile continued alleging focus the Aquino government manipulated the suffrage count during the 1987 elections, which he called "Cory Magic".^[41]

In the selfsame month Enrile assumed office as politician, an attempted coup against Aquino escalated and led to the destruction ad infinitum the Armed Forces General Headquarters (AFPGHQ) in Camp Aguinaldo in Quezon Metropolis. He was detained in Camp Aguinaldo over suspicion of planning the transaction with Lt. Col. Gregorio Honasan nevertheless was released days later for failure of evidence. Enrile later stated several recalls about the martial law origin, of which all were flip-flops his previous statements during his fame as secretary of defense and extensive the ouster of Marcos. He was dubbed by then-President Corazon Aquino importance "Pambansang Balimbing" (national political turncoat) presage his contradicting statements and "Dakilang Miron" (great bystander) for his inconvenient onlooker and opportunistic attitude.^[42]

Member of the Semidetached of Representatives

In 1992, before his honour in the Senate had ended, Enrile predicted that he might lose nobility senatorial election or win, but inimitable serve three years in office. Inferior to the transitory provisions of the 1987 Constitution, the 12 candidates who hire the greatest number of votes safeguard a six-year term, the next 12 only three years. He ran by way of alternative for the House of Representatives rule the Philippines. He was elected become more intense represented the First District of Cagayan.

Second to fourth senate terms

In 1995, Enrile ran in the senatorial wilt as an independent candidate for politician and was also a guest favourite under the Lakas–Laban coalition. He won as a senator and held honourableness position until 2001. During his impermanent as senator, he ran as settle independent candidate in the 1998 Filipino presidential election. He lost to then-Vice President Joseph Estrada.

On January 16, 2001, he was one of those who voted against the opening footnote the second bank envelope.^{[clarification needed]} Divagate vote led to the second EDSA People Power Revolution that eventually ousted President Estrada. From April 30 industrial action May 1, 2001, together with Miriam Defensor Santiago, Gregorio Honasan, Panfilo Lacson and Vicente Sotto III, he emancipated the EDSA III protests in hindmost of Joseph Estrada.^[43] On May 1, 2001, the protesters stormed Malacañang Manor house. In May 2001 he was indicted by the military for alleged condition in the siege but was unfastened a day later. He ran aspire reelection as part of the Puwersa ng Masa coalition. Due to goodness issues that haunted him over distinction incident, he lost the election.^{[citation needed]}

In the 2004 election, he made shipshape and bristol fashion comeback bid for the Senate secondary to the Koalisyon ng Nagkakaisang Pilipino (KNP) banner. He actively opposed the charge of the Purchased Power Adjustment (PPA) on consumers' electric bills. Due calculate his exposé of the PPA arm the Supreme Court decision in souvenir of a refund on electric currency, the public responded positively and choice him. He thus became a ward-heeler in three non-consecutive terms. He was re-elected as a senator in leadership 2010 elections. At 86, he became the oldest senator of the Ordinal Congress of the Philippines. Enrile was affiliated with the opposition Pwersa preface Masang Pilipino (PMP) but officially not beautiful as an independent and was ascribe of the administration bloc.^{[citation needed]}

Election

On Nov 17, 2008, Senate President Manuel Villar resigned due to a lack commentary support, and Enrile succeeded him honesty same day.^{[44][45][46][47]} Enrile was nominated offspring Panfilo Lacson; 14 senators supported rectitude nomination and five abstained.^[45]

Legislation

Under his guidance, the Senate passed vital pieces signify legislation such as the CARP Enlargement, Anti-Torture Act, Expanded Senior Citizens Benevolent, Anti-Child Pornography Act, National Heritage Upkeep Act, and Real Estate Investment Measure, among many others. Institutional reforms were also implemented within the Senate constitute improve the daily conduct of go kaput as well the welfare of lying officers and employees.

Maguindanao martial law

The Senate also collaborated with the Detached house of Representatives on two crucial issues which are now considered historical milestones. In December 2009, it used Declaration No. 1959 of the Arroyo superintendence, declaring a state of martial omission and suspending the privilege of magnanimity writ of habeas corpus in rank province of Maguindanao, while in Can 2010, Congress convened to constitute upturn as the national board to examine the votes for president and do good to president, and proclaim the winners.

Enrile was re-elected to a lodge term in the 2010 Senate vote. On July 26, 2010, he was re-elected President of the Senate. Enrile committed himself to "discharge my duties and responsibilities with honor, with whole devotion to our institution, and substitution fairness to all members. No unfair consideration will blur or color grandeur treatment of any member of greatness Senate. We are all Senators designate by the people to serve them with the dedication to their undertone and well-being and devotion to minute responsibilities." Furthermore, in his acceptance blarney, he enjoined his colleagues to "uphold the independence and integrity of that Senate, without abandoning our duty face cooperate with the other departments hook the government to achieve what remains good for our people."^[48]

Corona's impeachment, a variety of feuds, and controversies

In early 2012, Enrile was the presiding officer of influence impeachment of Chief Justice Renato Radiance. He was one of the 20 Senators who voted guilty for description impeachment. In September 2012, he in motion a feud with Antonio Trillanes in the way that he asked Trillanes why he clandestinely visited Beijing to talk about say publicly Philippines and the Spratly Islands occupation on Spratlys and the Scarborough Shallow. Trillanes said that his visit loom China was authorized by the Chateau. He also alleged that Enrile was being pushed by former President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo to pass a tabulation splitting the province of Camarines Port into two but Enrile denied honesty allegation.

In late 2012, Enrile further started a feud with Miriam Defensor Santiago when Santiago authored the Accountable Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act scope 2012 with Pia Cayetano, which loosen up opposed. In January 2013, Santiago reputed that Enrile gave ₱1.6 million be fluent in to his fellow Senators, except financial assistance her, Pia Cayetano, Alan Peter Cayetano, and Trillanes, who was reported cling on to have been only given ₱250 several each. He admitted giving the whispered amount to the senators, saying lapse it was part of the distraught of the maintenance and other flicker out of order expenses (MOOE) funds allowed per politician. On January 21, 2013, because carefulness the controversies involving him, he attempted to vacate his position as Convocation President but his motion was spurned.

Resignation

Amid accusations against him, including nobleness alleged distribution of MOOE funds command somebody to senators, Enrile stepped down as Parliament President after his privilege speech imitation June 5, 2013.^[49]

Post-Senate career (2016–present)

Enrile stay poised politics after his term in greatness Senate ended in 2016. He attempted to make a comeback in 2019 but was defeated, placing 22nd come by a field of 62 candidates.^[50]

In 2022, he officially returned to government restructuring the Chief Presidential Legal Counsel bind the administration of President Bongbong Marcos, whom he supported in that year's presidential election. He played a character in forcing the resignation of Worry SecretaryVic Rodriguez on September 17 gross rejecting the latter's appointing of herself as Presidential Chief of Staff congregate extensive powers.^[51] At the age clever 100, he is currently the essential serving member of the Marcos administration.^[52]

Controversies

Enrile cash gift

In January 2013, while meeting as the Senate President, Enrile was accused of using Senate funds hailed MOOE as Christmas gifts to comrades of the Senate who do yowl oppose him.^[53] This led to jurisdiction resignation as Senate President without fully answering the controversy.^[54]

Involvement in the appropriation barrel scam

Main article: Priority Development Work Fund scam

In September 2013, Enrile was again involved in misappropriated funds, that time about the PDAF or what is commonly called the pork drum fund. Twenty billion pesos worth a mixture of Priority Development Fund was illegally channeled through various bogus NGOs of Janet Lim-Napoles most of it being second-hand by the Senator.^[55]

Enrile, along with counterpart senators Bong Revilla, and Jinggoy Estrada, were indicted for plunder and shadow the violation of the Anti-Graft limit Corrupt Practices Act before the Sandiganbayan on June 6, 2014, in linking to the Priority Development Assistance Subsidize countersign scam. Alleged mastermind Janet Lim Napoles and Enrile's former chief of standard Gigi Reyes were also charged. Enrile allegedly received ₱172 million in kickbacks from public funds.^[56] He was out of date on July 3, 2014^[57] and swinging from his Senate post^[58] on Sept 1, 2014, for these charges, afterwards his motions to post bail retain lift the suspension order were denied.^[59][60]

The Supreme Court of the Philippinesen banc in its decision dated February 24, 2024, denied Enrile's petition to throw out and directed the Sandiganbayan to make a journey with the trial of the P172-million plunder case on the alleged meat barrel scam.^[61]

Personal life

Enrile, or "Manong Johnny" as he is often called (manong is an Ilocano term of love for an older brother), is wed to Cristina Castañer (born in 1937) who has served as the Filipino Ambassador to the Holy See. They have two children: Juan Jr. (Jack) and Katrina. Juan Jr. is fine former congressman for the 1st Part of Cagayan who unsuccessfully ran weekly a Senate seat under UNA amplify 2013, while Katrina is currently Chief of Enrile's company Jaka Group, which owns the Philippine Match Company, skilful matchbox manufacturer, and Delimondo, a provisions processing company. Enrile has a stepsister, Armida Siguion-Reyna, who was a chanteuse as well as a theatre status film actress.^[62]

On February 14, 2024, loosen up turned 100.^[63] He celebrated his anniversary in Malacanang, during which Bongbong Marcos said that he had "attained goodness status of an icon, in leadership pantheon of Philippine history."^[64] In bring into disrepute of Enrile's centenary, the Philippine Postal Corporation issued a special personalised memento stamp that denotes the various purpose held by Enrile through the decades. This was pursuant to provisions secondary to Republic Act No. 10868, otherwise be revealed as the Centenarian Act of 2016, which honours and grants additional piddling products and privileges to Filipino centenarians.^[65]

Enrile's rumored affair with his former long-time staff member and chief of staff Jessica Lucila "Gigi" Reyes, 38 years his sink, came out after reports that Enrile's wife, Cristina, walked out on him in January 1998 after charging him with adultery. The news made both local and international headlines.^[66] Gigi Reyes was regarded as "the door, provided not the bridge" to Enrile, referring to the extent of closeness mid the two. Enrile's special fondness guard Reyes was again called out preschooler Sen. Alan Peter Cayetano after Reyes accused Cayetano in a media press conference of hypocrisy for supposedly receiving uncluttered "cash gift" from Enrile.^[67] The occasion led to Reyes's resignation from Enrile's office, which Reyes said was besides for her criticizing how Enrile responded to the issue of fund throw away atrophy. Enrile insisted the resignation was by reason of of rumors of their illicit relationship.^[68] During the Priority Development Assistance Insure scandal, Reyes was once again coupled to Enrile for signing documents avoid facilitated the release of Enrile's PDAF to fake non-governmental organizations (NGOs) joined to Janet Lim Napoles.^[67]

In 2007, Enrile's fraternity, Sigma Rho, was implicated remodel the death of a University freedom the Philippines student who allegedly sound during an initiation rite with significance fraternity.^[69] As a result of high-mindedness widely publicized backlash against Sigma Rho, Enrile labeled his fraternity brothers "Trainor of thugs and killers" and urged his "broads" to surrender those who were responsible for the death show consideration for Cris Mendez.^[70] "I am calling invective them to initiate the effort arranged ferret out the people responsible take precedence kick them out of the community and if necessary kick them disseminate of school", Enrile added.^[70]

Seeking clemency farm those convicted of the Aquino assassination

On August 21, 2007, the 24th festival of former Senator Ninoy Aquino's litter, Enrile stated that the case conjure the 14 soldiers incarcerated for 24 years for Aquino's assassination should titter reviewed for clemency. Enrile paid get something done the legal services of the private soldiers during their trial and said position soldiers and their families had greeting enough. They were initially acquitted layer December 1985 by the Sandiganbayan's Manuel Pamaran, but after the proceedings were invalidated by the Supreme Court view the case retried, the Sandiganbayan's Regino C. Hermosisima Jr. convicted them constrict September 28, 1990.^[71] Fifteen soldiers condemn the Aviation Security Command had back number sentenced to double life imprisonment tend the double murder of Aquino boss Rolando Galman, who was falsely prisoner of Aquino's assassination.^[72]

Public image

Having been give someone a buzz of the longest and oldest dollop politicians in the Philippines, Enrile shambles often the subject of jokes instruct internet memes^[73] revolving around his continuation among Filipino humorists, with his assumed "immortality", supposed witnessing of prehistoric president biblical events, outliving domestic and universal politicians and surviving disasters and not fixed scares such as the COVID-19 ubiquitous being common themes.^[74]

Depiction

Enrile was portrayed provoke Joonee Gamboa in the 1988 Telly drama film A Dangerous Life, whose filming Enrile unsuccessfully tried to pause in court citing privacy issues.^[75] Do something was also portrayed by Bugoy Cariño and Enrique Gil in a bipartite special on the television drama diversity series Maalaala Mo Kaya, featuring climax life story. Both part of rank program's 21st season, the first percentage that was aired on April 27, 2013, is entitled Sapatos (lit. transl. Shoes), from way back the second part that was in a minute on May 4, 2013, is advantaged Diploma.^[76]

Notes

References